Matchmaker:
Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest
Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest
Glossary - P and Q
This is a list of terms used in mushroom descriptions.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
P
| TERM | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| palisadoderm | type of pellis in which terminal elements reach the same level and form a palisade of inflated somewhat elongate cells |
| pallid | very pale in color, almost a dull whitish |
| papilla (plural papillae) | a small nipple-like protuberance |
| papillate | with papilla or papillae on surface |
| parabolic | of cap, with the height greater than the width, the top rounded |
| parallel | of hyphae, arranged more or less parallel to each other |
| parasitic | feeding on another living organisms; living at the expense of other organisms to their detriment |
| parasitize | feed on another living organism |
| parenchymatous | fundamental tissue of plants composed of thin-walled cells able to divide; organ tissue as opposed to connective tissue |
| partial veil | inner veil of tissue which joins the stem to the cap edge at first in some species of mushrooms, and often breaks to leave a ring on stem and remnants hanging from the cap margin; partial veils are usually either membranous or cortinate |
| Patterson ornamentation types | Types of Russula spore ornamentation as designated by Dave Patterson in his Key to the Eastern U.S. Russulas. For an illustration of these types, use the Glossary on the List menu. Other classifications of Russula spores have been made by Singer (1932), using Roman numerals, Pearson, (P1-P11), and Rayner (15 types) |
| PDAB | a solution of p-diaminobenzaldehyde in 70% ethanol |
| pecan brown | orangy pinkish brown |
| pectinate | (of cap margin) resembling the teeth of a comb; same as striate |
| pedicel | of cystidia, a slender stalk |
| pellicle | an upper surface layer on cap surface that can undergo gelatinization, making the cap viscid (sticky) to the touch; often it can be peeled away from the cap, may be thought of as covering cuticle; same as cuticle or as thinner and more definite |
| pellis | surface layer of cells, same as "cuticle", if the pellis is one layer it is called a suprapellis, if 2 layers, the outer is the suprapellis and the inner the subpellis, if 3 layers, the middle is called the mediopellis |
| pellucid | translucent |
| pendant | hanging down, skirt like |
| peppery | with acrid taste, giving the tongue a burning sensation |
| peridium | the outer covering enclosing the spore mass in gasteromycetes |
| peronate | sheathlike; booted |
| petaloid | shaped like the petal of a flower (narrowed somewhat at base), similar to spathulate |
| phaseoliform | bean-shaped |
| phylogeny | the history of the evolution of the group to which a species belongs |
| phylum (plural phyla) | classification grouping below kingdom but above class |
| pileate | having a cap |
| pileipellis | the outer cellular layer of the cap (pileus), excluding veils, used in microscopic descriptions: it may be undifferentiated from the underlying tissue, or arranged parallel to surface (cutis) or arranged perpendicularly to surface (derm) |
| pileocystidium (plural pileocystidia) | sterile cell (cystidium) on the surface of the cap |
| pileus | cap of a mushroom |
| pilocystidium | same as pileocystidium |
| pilose | (of cap), covered with long, soft, hairy filaments |
| pip-shaped | (of spores), shaped like an apple seed; sometimes used to describe spores with a plage at one end that would be described as elliptic by other authors |
| pith | the central stuffing of some mushrooms |
| pitted | with small depressions |
| plage | a distinctive flattened area on the dorsal side of the spore (the side facing the central axis of the basidium on which the spore develops), near the hilar appendage (the part of the spore that was attached to the basidium), also known as suprahilar disc; if plage amyloid it is known as a hilar spot, if depressed as suprahilar depression |
| plane | having a flat surface; of cap, having a horizontal more or less flat surface, with the margin on the same level as the center, same as flat or applanate |
| plano-convex | a convex cap with a flattened disc, same as broadly convex |
| plectenchyma | a thick tissue formed by hyphae becoming twisted and fixed together; it is prosenchyma (proso-) when the hyphal elements are seen to be hyphae and pseudoparenchyma (para-) when they are not |
| pleurocystidium (plural pleurocystidia) | a sterile cell (cystidium) located on the face (side) of a gill |
| pleuropseudocystidium (plural pleuropseudocystidia) | pseudocystidium located on the face (side) of a gill |
| pleurotoid | resembling in general form the genus Pleurotus, may be applied to any gilled mushroom either without a stem or with a stem attached in a lateral or off-center manner |
| pliable | capable of bending, easily flexible |
| pliant | being pliable without breaking, flexible, not rigid or firm |
| plicate | folded like a fan, pleated |
| plumbeous | lead-gray |
| pluteotoid | resembling in general form the genus Pluteus, with free or finely adnexed gills, lacking a ring or volva |
| pocket rot | a rot producing hollow pockets in a tree |
| polar view | end view of a spore |
| polycystoderm | same as epithelium |
| polymorphic | with many forms or shapes |
| polypores | the shelf or bracket fungi which produce spores on the inside of vertically oriented tubes (ending in pores) that do not separate easily from cap and are often tough, generally in Order Poriales |
| pore | a circular depression in place of the gill of many non-gilled species; a circular depression on the spores of many species: see germ pore |
| powdery | looking finely powdered or very finely granular, sometimes used here as equivalent to pruinose |
| primordium | the earliest stage of development |
| profile view | of spores, when the basidium with attached spores is viewed from the side, the spores directly above and in the center are being viewed in face view and the ones at the sides are in profile view, when not attached to basidium the shape that is wider will generally be the face view if there is a difference |
| protean | extremely variable |
| Prout's brown | dark yellow-brown, warm mid-brown |
| pruinate | same as pruinose |
| pruinose | looking finely powdered or finely granular, often due to cystidia projecting from surface |
| pseudoamyloid | same as dextrinoid |
| pseudocystidium (plural pseudocystidia) | cystidium derived from a conducting element, filamentous to fusoid, oily contents, embedded or not projecting |
| pseudoparaphysis (plural pseudoparaphyses) | elements found in certain gilled mushrooms that are similar to the paraphyses found as sterile elements among the asci on spore bearing surfaces of ascomycetes |
| pseudoparenchyma | thick tissue formed by hyphae becoming twisted and fixed together, in which the hyphal elements are not seen to be hyphae |
| pseudorhiza | a long rootlike extension of the lower stem |
| psilocin | 4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, a hallucinogenic substance found in some species of Psilocybe, Panaeolus, Conocybe, Gymnopilus, Inocybe, and Pluteus, giving a bluing reaction in the tissue of a mushroom as it breaks down |
| psilocybin | O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, a hallucinogenic substance found in some species of Psilocybe, Panaeolus, Conocybe, Gymnopilus, Inocybe, and Pluteus |
| puberulent | minutely pubescent = puberulous = pubescent |
| puberulous | minutely pubescent = puberulent = pubescent |
| pubescence | a covering of soft short downy hairs |
| pubescent | covered with soft short downy hairs, but "downy" may differ by having slightly larger hairs |
| pulverulent | powdery |
| pulvinate | cushion shaped |
| punctate | marked with dots consisting of hollows, depressions, spots, raised-joined scales, or agglutinated fibrils, all very small |
| putrescent | in the process of rotting or smelling as if it is |
| pyriform | pear-shaped |
Q
| TERM | DESCRIPTIONS |
|---|---|
| Quaker drab | medium gray |